Learn

• Reinforcement is something that occurs after a behavior or skill that increases the likelihood that the behavior will occur again in the future.
• Reinforcement can be planned, or it can occur naturally.
• Reinforcement is used by everyone.
• Reinforcement is a tool for teaching and learning.

• Contingent means access to the reinforcer is only given after the behavior or skill has occurred.
• Contingent does not mean that opportunities to access reinforcement are withheld. Many opportunities to access reinforcement should be available.
• Contingent does not mean without prompting and supports. Many times, the use of prompts and supports is a necessary part of the process.

• Reinforcement is given after the desired skill or behavior occurs. Bribery is given in the moment to try to make the desired behavior occur that has not yet happened.
• Reinforcement is a teaching tool – it is a part of all learning and behavior change. Bribery is a quick fix to get through the moment.
• Reinforcement creates lasting skills and behavior change. Bribery changes behavior in the moment, but not over time.

Reinforcement is individualized, and many reinforcers are needed because:

• Youth can get tired of the same item or activity (satiation).
• Some skills require a big effort and need a big reinforcer. Some skills require less effort and will respond to reinforcers with less value.
• Some reinforcers may be only available in certain locations or at certain times.
• Including a variety of types improves the effectiveness of the plan. Types of reinforcers include social, activity, tangible/edible, natural reinforcers, and special interests.
• Reinforcement must be individualized. What is reinforcing for one person is not necessarily reinforcing to another.

Accommodations and sensory supports should never be used for reinforcement or made contingent on behavior. These are necessary for the youth to be able to regulate and learn and should always be available.